[PowerShell]- Fallback method with find_prev_vers_frm_git_tags() implemented (#926)

* [PowerShell]- Fallback method with find_prev_vers_frm_git_tags() done

* bumped the feature version

src/powershell/devcontainer-feature.json

 {
     "id": "powershell",
-    "version": "1.3.4",
+    "version": "1.3.5",
     "name": "PowerShell",
     "documentationURL": "https://github.com/devcontainers/features/tree/main/src/powershell",
     "description": "Installs PowerShell along with needed dependencies. Useful for base Dockerfiles that often are missing required install dependencies like gpg.",

src/powershell/install.sh

@@ -106,17 +106,83 @@ install_using_apt() {
     apt-get install -yq powershell${version_suffix} || return 1
 }
 
+# Use semver logic to decrement a version number then look for the closest match
+find_prev_version_from_git_tags() {
+    local variable_name=$1
+    local current_version=${!variable_name}
+    local repository=$2
+    # Normally a "v" is used before the version number, but support alternate cases
+    local prefix=${3:-"tags/v"}
+    # Some repositories use "_" instead of "." for version number part separation, support that
+    local separator=${4:-"."}
+    # Some tools release versions that omit the last digit (e.g. go)
+    local last_part_optional=${5:-"false"}
+    # Some repositories may have tags that include a suffix (e.g. actions/node-versions)
+    local version_suffix_regex=$6
+    # Try one break fix version number less if we get a failure. Use "set +e" since "set -e" can cause failures in valid scenarios.
+    set +e
+        major="$(echo "${current_version}" | grep -oE '^[0-9]+' || echo '')"
+        minor="$(echo "${current_version}" | grep -oP '^[0-9]+\.\K[0-9]+' || echo '')"
+        breakfix="$(echo "${current_version}" | grep -oP '^[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.\K[0-9]+' 2>/dev/null || echo '')"
+
+        if [ "${minor}" = "0" ] && [ "${breakfix}" = "0" ]; then
+            ((major=major-1))
+            declare -g ${variable_name}="${major}"
+            # Look for latest version from previous major release
+            find_version_from_git_tags "${variable_name}" "${repository}" "${prefix}" "${separator}" "${last_part_optional}"
+        # Handle situations like Go's odd version pattern where "0" releases omit the last part
+        elif [ "${breakfix}" = "" ] || [ "${breakfix}" = "0" ]; then
+            ((minor=minor-1))
+            declare -g ${variable_name}="${major}.${minor}"
+            # Look for latest version from previous minor release
+            find_version_from_git_tags "${variable_name}" "${repository}" "${prefix}" "${separator}" "${last_part_optional}"
+        else
+            ((breakfix=breakfix-1))
+            if [ "${breakfix}" = "0" ] && [ "${last_part_optional}" = "true" ]; then
+                declare -g ${variable_name}="${major}.${minor}"
+            else 
+                declare -g ${variable_name}="${major}.${minor}.${breakfix}"
+            fi
+        fi
+    set -e
+}
+
 # Function to fetch the version released prior to the latest version
 get_previous_version() {
-    repo_url=$1
-    curl -s "$repo_url" | jq -r 'del(.[].assets) | .[0].tag_name'
+    local url=$1
+    local repo_url=$2
+    local variable_name=$3
+    prev_version=${!variable_name}
+    
+    output=$(curl -s "$repo_url");
+    check_packages jq
+    message=$(echo "$output" | jq -r '.message')
+    
+    if [[ $message == "API rate limit exceeded"* ]]; then
+        echo -e "\nAn attempt to find latest version using GitHub Api Failed... \nReason: ${message}"
+        echo -e "\nAttempting to find latest version using GitHub tags."
+        find_prev_version_from_git_tags prev_version "$url" "tags/v"
+        declare -g ${variable_name}="${prev_version}"
+    else 
+        echo -e "\nAttempting to find latest version using GitHub Api."
+        version=$(echo "$output" | jq -r '.tag_name')
+        declare -g ${variable_name}="${version#v}"
+    fi  
+    echo "${variable_name}=${!variable_name}"
 }
 
+get_github_api_repo_url() {
+    local url=$1
+    echo "${url/https:\/\/github.com/https:\/\/api.github.com\/repos}/releases/latest"
+}
+
+
 install_prev_pwsh() {
+    pwsh_url=$1
+    repo_url=$(get_github_api_repo_url $pwsh_url)
     echo -e "\n(!) Failed to fetch the latest artifacts for powershell v${POWERSHELL_VERSION}..."
-    previous_version=$(get_previous_version "https://api.github.com/repos/PowerShell/PowerShell/releases")
-    echo -e "\nAttempting to install ${previous_version}"
-    POWERSHELL_VERSION="${previous_version#v}"
+    get_previous_version $pwsh_url $repo_url POWERSHELL_VERSION
+    echo -e "\nAttempting to install v${POWERSHELL_VERSION}"
     install_pwsh "${POWERSHELL_VERSION}"
 }
 
@@ -138,10 +204,11 @@ install_using_github() {
     if [ "${architecture}" = "amd64" ]; then
         architecture="x64"
     fi
-    find_version_from_git_tags POWERSHELL_VERSION https://github.com/PowerShell/PowerShell
+    pwsh_url="https://github.com/PowerShell/PowerShell"
+    find_version_from_git_tags POWERSHELL_VERSION $pwsh_url
     install_pwsh "${POWERSHELL_VERSION}"
     if grep -q "Not Found" "${powershell_filename}"; then 
-        install_prev_pwsh
+        install_prev_pwsh $pwsh_url
     fi
 
     # Ugly - but only way to get sha256 is to parse release HTML. Remove newlines and tags, then look for filename followed by 64 hex characters.

test/powershell/install_powershell_fallback_test.sh

@@ -15,16 +15,125 @@ check "Powershell version as installed by feature" bash -c "pwsh --version"
 . /etc/os-release
 architecture="$(dpkg --print-architecture)"
 
+sudo mkdir -p /var/lib/apt/lists/
+
+# Figure out correct version of a three part version number is not passed
+find_version_from_git_tags() {
+    local variable_name=$1
+    local requested_version=${!variable_name}
+    if [ "${requested_version}" = "none" ]; then return; fi
+    local repository=$2
+    local prefix=${3:-"tags/v"}
+    local separator=${4:-"."}
+    local last_part_optional=${5:-"false"}    
+    if [ "$(echo "${requested_version}" | grep -o "." | wc -l)" != "2" ]; then
+        local escaped_separator=${separator//./\\.}
+        local last_part
+        if [ "${last_part_optional}" = "true" ]; then
+            last_part="(${escaped_separator}[0-9]+)?"
+        else
+            last_part="${escaped_separator}[0-9]+"
+        fi
+        local regex="${prefix}\\K[0-9]+${escaped_separator}[0-9]+${last_part}$"
+        local version_list="$(git ls-remote --tags ${repository} | grep -oP "${regex}" | tr -d ' ' | tr "${separator}" "." | sort -rV)"
+        if [ "${requested_version}" = "latest" ] || [ "${requested_version}" = "current" ] || [ "${requested_version}" = "lts" ]; then
+            declare -g ${variable_name}="$(echo "${version_list}" | head -n 1)"
+        else
+            set +e
+            declare -g ${variable_name}="$(echo "${version_list}" | grep -E -m 1 "^${requested_version//./\\.}([\\.\\s]|$)")"
+            set -e
+        fi
+    fi
+    if [ -z "${!variable_name}" ] || ! echo "${version_list}" | grep "^${!variable_name//./\\.}$" > /dev/null 2>&1; then
+        echo -e "Invalid ${variable_name} value: ${requested_version}\nValid values:\n${version_list}" >&2
+        exit 1
+    fi
+    echo "${variable_name}=${!variable_name}"
+}
+
+# Use semver logic to decrement a version number then look for the closest match
+find_prev_version_from_git_tags() {
+    local variable_name=$1
+    local current_version=${!variable_name}
+    local repository=$2
+    # Normally a "v" is used before the version number, but support alternate cases
+    local prefix=${3:-"tags/v"}
+    # Some repositories use "_" instead of "." for version number part separation, support that
+    local separator=${4:-"."}
+    # Some tools release versions that omit the last digit (e.g. go)
+    local last_part_optional=${5:-"false"}
+    # Some repositories may have tags that include a suffix (e.g. actions/node-versions)
+    local version_suffix_regex=$6
+    # Try one break fix version number less if we get a failure. Use "set +e" since "set -e" can cause failures in valid scenarios.
+    set +e
+        major="$(echo "${current_version}" | grep -oE '^[0-9]+' || echo '')"
+        minor="$(echo "${current_version}" | grep -oP '^[0-9]+\.\K[0-9]+' || echo '')"
+        breakfix="$(echo "${current_version}" | grep -oP '^[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.\K[0-9]+' 2>/dev/null || echo '')"
+
+        if [ "${minor}" = "0" ] && [ "${breakfix}" = "0" ]; then
+            ((major=major-1))
+            declare -g ${variable_name}="${major}"
+            # Look for latest version from previous major release
+            find_version_from_git_tags "${variable_name}" "${repository}" "${prefix}" "${separator}" "${last_part_optional}"
+        # Handle situations like Go's odd version pattern where "0" releases omit the last part
+        elif [ "${breakfix}" = "" ] || [ "${breakfix}" = "0" ]; then
+            ((minor=minor-1))
+            declare -g ${variable_name}="${major}.${minor}"
+            # Look for latest version from previous minor release
+            find_version_from_git_tags "${variable_name}" "${repository}" "${prefix}" "${separator}" "${last_part_optional}"
+        else
+            ((breakfix=breakfix-1))
+            if [ "${breakfix}" = "0" ] && [ "${last_part_optional}" = "true" ]; then
+                declare -g ${variable_name}="${major}.${minor}"
+            else 
+                declare -g ${variable_name}="${major}.${minor}.${breakfix}"
+            fi
+        fi
+    set -e
+}
+
+# Function to fetch the version released prior to the latest version
 get_previous_version() {
-    repo_url=$1
-    curl -s "$repo_url" | jq -r 'del(.[].assets) | .[0].tag_name'
+    local url=$1
+    local repo_url=$2
+    local variable_name=$3
+    local mode=$4
+    prev_version=${!variable_name}
+
+    output=$(curl -s "$repo_url");
+    message=$(echo "$output" | jq -r '.message')
+    
+    if [ $mode == "mode1" ]; then
+        message="API rate limit exceeded"
+    else 
+        message=""
+    fi
+
+    if [[ $message == "API rate limit exceeded"* ]]; then
+        echo -e "\nAn attempt to find latest version using GitHub Api Failed... \nReason: ${message}"
+        echo -e "\nAttempting to find latest version using GitHub tags."
+        find_prev_version_from_git_tags prev_version "$url" "tags/v"
+        declare -g ${variable_name}="${prev_version}"
+    else 
+        echo -e "\nAttempting to find latest version using GitHub Api."
+        version=$(echo "$output" | jq -r '.tag_name')
+        declare -g ${variable_name}="${version#v}"
+    fi  
+    echo "${variable_name}=${!variable_name}"
+}
+
+get_github_api_repo_url() {
+    local url=$1
+    echo "${url/https:\/\/github.com/https:\/\/api.github.com\/repos}/releases/latest"
 }
 
 install_prev_pwsh() {
+    local pwsh_url=$1
+    local mode=$2
+    local repo_url=$(get_github_api_repo_url $pwsh_url)
     echo -e "\n(!) Failed to fetch the latest artifacts for powershell v${POWERSHELL_VERSION}..."
-    previous_version=$(get_previous_version "https://api.github.com/repos/PowerShell/PowerShell/releases")
-    echo -e "\nAttempting to install ${previous_version}"
-    POWERSHELL_VERSION="${previous_version#v}"
+    get_previous_version $pwsh_url $repo_url POWERSHELL_VERSION $mode
+    echo -e "\nAttempting to install v${POWERSHELL_VERSION}"
     install_pwsh "${POWERSHELL_VERSION}"
 }
 
@@ -37,44 +146,18 @@ install_pwsh() {
     sudo curl -sSL -o "${powershell_filename}" "https://github.com/PowerShell/PowerShell/releases/download/v${POWERSHELL_VERSION}/${powershell_filename}"
 }
 
-apt_get_update()
-{
-    if [ "$(find /var/lib/apt/lists/* | wc -l)" = "0" ]; then
-        echo "Running apt-get update..."
-        sudo apt-get update -y
-    fi
-}
-
-check_packages() {
-    if ! dpkg -s "$@" > /dev/null 2>&1; then
-        sudo chmod +x /var/lib/apt/lists/
-        sudo mkdir -p /var/lib/apt/lists/partial
-        sudo chmod +rx /var/lib/dpkg/lock-frontend
-        apt_get_update
-        sudo apt-get -y install --no-install-recommends "$@"
-    fi
-}
-
 install_using_github() {
-    # Fall back on direct download if no apt package exists in microsoft pool
-    check_packages curl ca-certificates gnupg2 dirmngr libc6 libgcc1 libgssapi-krb5-2 libstdc++6 libunwind8 libuuid1 zlib1g libicu[0-9][0-9]
-    if ! type git > /dev/null 2>&1; then
-        check_packages git
-    fi
+    mode=$1
     if [ "${architecture}" = "amd64" ]; then
         architecture="x64"
     fi
-
-    echo -e "\nTrying to install a non-existing version for Powershell..."
-    
-    POWERSHELL_VERSION="1.2.XYZ"
+    pwsh_url="https://github.com/PowerShell/PowerShell"
+    POWERSHELL_VERSION="7.4.xyz"
     install_pwsh "${POWERSHELL_VERSION}"
-
     if grep -q "Not Found" "${powershell_filename}"; then 
-        install_prev_pwsh
+        install_prev_pwsh $pwsh_url $mode
     fi
 
-    echo -e "\n" $POWERSHELL_VERSION "=powershell_version\n";
     # Ugly - but only way to get sha256 is to parse release HTML. Remove newlines and tags, then look for filename followed by 64 hex characters.
     sudo curl -sSL -o "release.html" "https://github.com/PowerShell/PowerShell/releases/tag/v${POWERSHELL_VERSION}"
     powershell_archive_sha256="$(cat release.html | tr '\n' ' ' | sed 's|<[^>]*>||g' | grep -oP "${powershell_filename}\s+\K[0-9a-fA-F]{64}" || echo '')"
@@ -86,12 +169,17 @@ install_using_github() {
     fi
     sudo tar xf "${powershell_filename}" -C "${powershell_target_path}"
     sudo ln -s "${powershell_target_path}/pwsh" /usr/local/bin/pwsh
-    sudo rm -rf /tmp/pwsh
+    sudo rm -rf /tmp/pwsh /usr/local/bin/pwsh
+
 }
 
-install_using_github
+echo -e "\nInstalling Powershell with find_prev_version_from_git_tags() fn 👈🏻"
+install_using_github "mode1"
+check "Powershell version as installed by test (find_prev_version_from_git_tags() fn)" bash -c "pwsh --version"
 
-check "Powershell version as installed by test" bash -c "pwsh --version"
+echo -e "\nInstalling Powershell with GitHub Api 👈🏻"
+install_using_github "mode2"
+check "Powershell version as installed by test (GitHub Api)" bash -c "pwsh --version"
 
 # Report result
 reportResults